Reconnaissance Report

Tuesday, 23 September 1941 rec2409oKzwZfEpby

Observations

R.A.F. Form No. 401.
RECONNAISSANCE REPORT.
Sheet No. .............
ROYAL AIR FORCE
Date 23. 9. 41
Unit: 21 SQDN. S.A.A.F.
Ref. No. 3
Aircraft Type MARYLAND
Serial No. 1659 X
Orders or nature of duty:—
Map or Chart Reference :— TARGET MAP BARDIA. TOBRUCH MATRUH 1:500000
Pilot MAJ. BRITZ
Crew 2/LT. WOLHUTER
A/SGT. EARNSHAW
A/SGT. PETTERSON.
Time up 1143
Time down 1405
Total time 2 hrs 22 min.
Visibility. GOOD
Weather. 4/10 CLOUD
Sea Reconnaissance only.
Wind
Direction ............. °True
Speed at ............. feet knots/m.p.h.
*Cross out term not applicable.
Track (True)
Place
Time (Hrs.)
Height (Feet)
Report
021
10 MILES NORTH EAST BARDIA
BARDIA
BARDIA
1143
1250
1300
1301-1309
0
20000
20000
20000
TAKE OFF. SET COURSE FOR RAS KANAYIS AND ON TO BARDIA
NOTICE DUST OF AIRCRAFT TAKING AIR FEW MILES WEST OF BARDIA
APPROACHING TARGET
AERODROME NORTH OF BARDIA — TOBRUCH ROAD 1 AIRCRAFT
AERODROME 8 MILES NORTH OF BARDIA ) TOBRUCH ROAD 6 AIRCRAFT
CONCENTRATION 40 M.T. AT ROADHOUSE DISPERSED ON BOTH SIDES OF ROAD.
200°
180°
350535
340570
1310
1312
1319
1323
18000
18000
12000
10000
M.T. BETWEEN F. CAPUZZO AND BARDIA
29 M.T. AT F. CAPUZZO
VERY BIG CAMP
ARMY CAMP DISPLAYING GROUND SIGNALS WITH ARROW POINTING SOUTH WEST
[handwritten signature] Signed 2/Lts. wolhuter. du Plessis
and Kiley
P.T.O.
17
Wt. 40173/3807. 300,000. 1/40. H.T.C. 51/5829.

Transcriber's Notes

Phase 2: Technical Expansion (The "Transcriber's Notes")
Glossary of Terms
* 21 SQDN. S.A.A.F.: No. 21 Squadron, South African Air Force. In September 1941, the unit was a key light/medium bomber element of the Western Desert Air Force, operating from Landing Grounds in Egypt.
* BA-BH (MARTIN BALTIMORE): A twin-engine light/medium bomber manufactured by the Glenn L. Martin Company. While 21 Squadron became synonymous with the Baltimore in 1942, during this September 1941 mission, they were equipped with the Martin Maryland (e.g., No. 1659 "X"), the direct technical and operational predecessor to the Baltimore in SAAF service.
* F. CAPUZZO: Fort Capuzzo, a strategic Italian colonial fort in eastern Libya near the border with Egypt. It was a critical objective and navigational waypoint during frontier operations.
* M.T.: Motor Transport.
* MC/GP (MEDIUM CAPACITY / GENERAL PURPOSE): The classification for standard Allied high-explosive bombs. While this was a reconnaissance mission (Form 401), Maryland aircraft typically carried these munitions to engage targets of opportunity or as part of a larger strike formation.
* MET: Meteorological data or section. The report cites "Good" visibility and 4/10 cloud cover, which provided sufficient clarity for the identification of dispersed ground targets from high altitude.
* RAS KANAYIS: A coastal landmark in Egypt used as a departure point and navigational fix for aircraft heading west toward the Libyan frontier.
Operational Context
Target File 272_17 is a Reconnaissance Report (R.A.F. Form 401) documenting a tactical intelligence sortie carried out on 23rd September 1941. The strategic importance of the Bardia-Tobruch-Capuzzo triangle during this period cannot be overstated; it was the primary theater for the interdiction campaign against Rommel’s Panzergruppe Afrika as both sides prepared for Operation Crusader.
The mission, flown by Maj. Britz in Maryland 1659 "X", provides high-fidelity intelligence on Axis logistical and aviation assets. At 20,000 feet, the crew identified seven aircraft across two aerodromes situated along the Bardia-Tobruch road, essential data for the planning of subsequent MAAF strikes against Axis air superiority. Furthermore, the crew documented significant M.T. activity, including a concentration of 40 vehicles at a roadhouse and 29 vehicles at Fort Capuzzo, indicating localized supply movements and troop concentrations.
The report's technical value is enhanced by observations made during the descent. At 10,000 feet, the crew noted a "very big camp" at coordinate 340570 displaying ground signals. These ground-to-air markers (an arrow pointing southwest) were vital indicators of Axis frontline command intent and tactical orientation. This sortie, lasting 2 hours and 22 minutes, underscores the role of 21 Squadron's Maryland aircrews in providing the deep-strike reconnaissance necessary to map the Axis logistical spine in Cyrenaica.

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Phase 1: Verification & Extraction
Identity Check: 24. 9. 41.